Globalization

Globalization is the process catalyzed by technological developments of nations around the world becoming increasingly interconnected for economic and capitalistic reasons.

A concept related to globalization is cultural imperialism.  Cultural imperialism takes place when one one culture is more highly promoted and becomes dominant over another culture.  In many cases, the culture being promoted is the American or "Westernized" culture.  This scares many people into thinking that there will be a loss of indigenous or local cultures.  Cultural imperialism relates to globalization because cultural imperialism is when the idea of interconnectedness between countries becomes imbalanced.  Instead of an even flow of culture, there is a dominant culture and a submissive culture when dealing with cultural imperialism.  The western culture creeping in and overriding local culture is enhancing capitalism worldwide.  This "americanization"is turning the world into a giant market, populated by consumers.  For example, the American Colgate-Palmolive company advertises on multinational soap operas.  Those nations where these products are advertised will begin using this American product.  This is an example of the capitalistic motives of globalization resulting in cultural imperialism.

Twitter in China
This news story is a perfect example of globalization and cultural imperialism.  Twitter, an American website, is now being used in China.  This American phenomenon and facet of culture is now making its way to China.  However, as seen in the article, the local culture of China has repercussions for this certain user of the website.

Advertising

Honda Accord Crosstour

This is the ad for the Honda Accord Crosstour.  The ad is based around a series of brightly colored blocks on a black background.  The blocks begin to bounce and then transform into different scenes such as white water rafting, playing frisbee with a dog in the park, and camping out.  The scenes retain the color of the boxes they came from and are vibrant against the still black background.  The song played keeps the tone of the commercial upbeat and gives it more life.  At the end, the car's tagline is said. "It fits, without fitting in." I found this commercial to be powerful predominantly because of the image.  The colorful transformations captivate the eyes and keep the viewer interested until the end when the car is shown.  The song is catchy and really added to the mood of the images.  To me, a powerful commercial is one that is remembered, and I definitely remembered this ad.
One of the advertising appeals discussed in lecture was "autonomy and escape".  An ad that uses autonomy and escape to sell a product would show the viewer that this product will help them do just that.  It shows that the product will give them an escape from the stress of everyday life and enable them to relax.  It shows that the product will give them a sense of personal independence and control over their lives.
This ad is definitely utilizing the appeal of autonomy and escape.  The idea of boxes is introduced in the very beginning of the ad.  As I said earlier, the boxes turn into different colorful scenes.  The first boxes show two people white water rafting.  The second set of boxes turn into a man playing frisbee with his dog.  The third set of boxes turn into what appear to be a father and son camping out and looking into space.  All these scenes are displaying acts of leisure and escape.  But what makes this ad effective in selling the car?  In the last few seconds of the ad, the boxes that were once scenes are shown being put into the back of the car.  This symbolizes that you are capable of experiencing all these scenes and more if you buy this car.  This car is perfect for an escape.  If you buy this car, you will feel a sense of independence as you get the leisure time you deserve.

The Three Act Hollywood Structure

Step Brothers
The first act of the Three Act Hollywood Structure is the beginning.  This act summed up in one word is the "introduction".  It is in this act that the characters, the setting, and situation are presented.  It usually lasts about thirty minutes.  Within the first few minutes of Step Brothers, the main four characters are introduced: Brennen, Dale, Nancy, and Robert. Nancy, Brennen's mother, and Robert, Dale's father, meet at a medical conference and end up getting married.  This event sets the premise for the entire movie.  During the majority of the beginning act, Dale and Brennen butt heads over sleeping arrangements, sharing parents, touching drum sets, play a series of pranks on each other, and even get into a physical confrontation in which Brennen uses a bicycle as a weapon and yells rape at the top of his lungs. However, every act has a mini climax.  This mini climax end the act, aid in transition, and propel the story forward.  The climax of the first act occurs when Dale and Brennen bond over their hatred for Derrick.  Brennen tells Dale that they can be friends who ride majestic, translucent steeds while shooting flaming arrows across the Bridge of Hemdale after Dale punches Derrick.  This newfound friendship thrusts the story into act two.  (Act 1 is 33 minutes long.)
The second act of the Three Act Hollywood Structure is the middle.  This act summed up in one word is the "complication".  In this act, the tension of the story rises as complications ensue.  The complication of Step Brothers is the fact that Robert does not approve of Dale and Brennen's lifestyle.  He believes that since these jagaloons are forty, they should grow up, move out, and get jobs.  Four minutes into act two, Robert is already pressuring Dale and Brennen to get jobs.  Robert decides to sell the house so he and Nancy can sail around the world together, so the two men have to move out.  They sabotage Robert and Derrick's efforts to sell the house.  Things come to a head when Dale and Brennen make a music video that ruins Robert's boat and dream.  Robert can't recover and this resentment results in him and Nancy getting divorced.  Dale and Brennen fight over the divorce.  The tension definitely rises within these scenes.  The climax of scene two occurs when Brennen buries Dale alive.  The two decide that the other one was just holding them back, and that they were never really brothers. This leads into act 3. (Act 2 is 34 minutes long)
The third act of the Three Act Hollywood Structure is the end.  This act summed up in one word is the "resolution".  It is in this act that the major climax of the movie takes place.  After the two step brothers fight, they both try to assimilate into society and "grow up".  They both move out, get jobs, buy toilet paper, and read books by Montel Williams.  The climax takes place at the Catalina Wine Mixer.  Brennen's company hosts a fundraiser and he hires Dale's catering company to supply the food.  When the singer of Uptown Girl, California's preeminent 1980's Billy Joel cover band, begins to yell at one of the partygoer's wife, the mixer takes a turn for the worse. Both Dale and Brennen pretend that they have outgrow their childish ways, but Robert knows differently.  He tells them that they must go up on stage and perform to save the mixer, their relationship, and their whimsy.  This is the climax of the movie.  After this scene, the two mend their friendship, rediscover their dinosaurs, and return to their old ways.  After this climax, there are only about 6 minutes left before all the complications are resolved.  Robert finally accepts his sons and this is shown when he gives them a boat treehouse, pirate hats, magazines, cross bows, and Chewbacca masks.

The Sitcom

One aspect of a sitcom is whether it is episodic or serial.  Episodic sitcoms and serial sitcoms are on opposite ends of a spectrum from one another in terms of how a viewer watches the show.  Episodic sitcoms are usually thirty minutes in length.  They do not really require previous knowledge of the show to understand what is going on.  The characters don't age or change, they are predictable.  An example of an episodic television would be I Love Lucy or Family Guy.  Serial sitcoms on the other hand tend to be longer, a full hour.  They do require previous knowledge about past seasons in order for the viewer to know what's going on.  For this reason, characters tend to grow and learn through situations.  There is more of a character arc present in serial television. In serial television, the show has an expiration date because the characters are aging and moving on in their lives.  An example of serial television would be Friends or Curb Your Enthusiasm.  In Friends, you would have to watch previous episodes to know the relationship between characters.  In Curb Your Enthusiasm, situations tend to last over a number of episodes or a season.  For example, when Larry is starring in The Producers, you would have to watch previous episodes to understand why he was cast and why people are acting certain ways about his performance.
One of my favorite television shows, Sex and the City, happens to fall under the category of a serial sitcom. Sex and the City displays all the typical traits of a serial sitcom.  For example, in order to understand Carrie's anguish when Mr. Big marries another woman at the very end of season two, one would have had to see Carrie's relationship with Mr. Big in seasons one and two.  In the last episode of the series, Charlotte receives the news that she and her husband Harry are being given a baby from China.  However, one would not fully appreciate this scene if they did not already know about the reproductive and adoptive challenges Charlotte has had throughout all the seasons. The show constantly refers back to previous relationships and situations, so it is pertinent that people watch it chronologically in order to fully understand.  The characters grew throughout the series.  In the first season, the girls are younger and presented in almost a one dimensional light.  Samantha is the promiscuous one, Charlotte is the hopeless romantic, Carrie is the inquisitive one, and Miranda is the cynical one.  Although each of the characters do retain their respective traits over the series, they each grow and the viewer comes to know them as more than just a single character trait.  And although I love the fact that the characters grow, and with this growth become more real, it did limit the number of seasons the show was on air.  This is because the women were aging, and at one point, they had to move on with their lives as characters in serial sitcoms do.

Character Growth of Sex and the City

Sex and the City Pilot- One Dimensional Characters (watch from 0:00 to 2:09)

Sex and the City Series Finale- Character Growth

In order to display the character growth, it would take too many clips, but these last few minutes of the series show a lot.

Shots in Titanic

Camera Angles
Much of the movie Titanic deals with the struggle between social classes and the polar ups and downs of emotion.  For this reason, James Cameron uses camera angles in shots to convey to the viewer the extent of a character's power in a given scene. One example of Cameron's utilization of camera angle to strengthen a scene is in the very beginning when the character Jack Dawson first makes his way on the the boat.  Having just won the tickets minutes prior in a lucky poker game, Jack and his friend Fabrizio run to the front of the ship.  At the same time, the captain of the ship is also shown a few decks up receiving news about the ship's starting progress.
Titanic- I'm the king of the world!
The prime example(s) of camera angle use can be see at 1:37 of the video.  For a short second, the camera flashes back to the captain, with a low angle shot.  This shot establishes his character to be exactly what you would expect an optimistic captain of the new and revolutionary cruise ship to be: powerful.  The scene then switches back to Jack Dawson who exclaims "I'm the king of the world!".  The character can say the line, make the gesture of spreading out his arms, and the viewer will get it.  But James Cameron knows using another low angle shot for this moment will let the viewer truly grasp the emotion Jack feels at this moment: complete freedom, happiness, and the idea that nothing could bring him down.

Shot Progression
In the beginning of the scene where Jack takes Rose to a third class party, Cameron uses an interesting shot progression.  Instead of starting with a shot of the full party, he starts with a close up.  This creates suspense and excitement for the audience.  This shot is especially effective here because it immediately shows this third class party to be an exact opposite of the first class party in the scenes directly prior.  The close up on the instruments and energy shows exactly what the first class party was missing.  He then pulls the camera back to show the rest of the party.  This shot and shot progression was very useful in drawing the distinction between the third class party and the first class party.
Titanic- Third class party

Distance of Shots
Another scene in the movie that utilizes a different kind of shot is the "I'm flying!" scene.  Jack and Rose have been engaging in a curious flirtation up to this point. This scene happens in the movie when Rose turns against her mother's wishes and societal conventions and meets Jack at the front of the boat.
Titanic- I'm Flying
For the majority of this scene, James Cameron uses medium shots and close ups. The medium shots tell a lot about the relationship between characters, so it would obviously be utilized in this scene.  The close up shot allows the viewer to "read" a character and gauge their emotions.  When she approaches him in the beginning of the scene, a medium shot is used to show how the two feel about each other.  This creates audience attachment to the characters and their story.  A little further in the scene when they are both standing on the railings, the camera gives us a close up on both of their faces together. This shows them both to be completely happy. James Cameron switches it up at 1:32 into the video by using a long shot.  As we learned in lecture, long shots show isolation.  However, this isolation conveys the idea that Jack and Rose are all that matter, they are alone together.  This also positively influences how the audience will think about them.

Actors Under Contract

One of the major aspects of Classic Hollywood was the concept of having actors under contract.  This meant that certain actors would be contracted to certain studios, and therefore star in the movies of that particular studio. While many actors would be contracted to one studio, this function was also flexible in the fact that studios would sometimes lend out their actors to other studios in order to keep a tight hold on the movie-making market.  However, for the most part, these actors would be delegated to a particular studio.  For instance, as we learned in lecture, Metro Goldwyn Mayer had so many stars under its contracts that its slogan was "More stars than there are in the Heavens".  I felt this aspect of Classic Hollywood was especially important because the stars involved were crucial to the popularity of movies at the time.  Movies were many times even called by the lead actor's name, for example "Cary Grants", rather than the title.  

"More stars than there are in the Heavens" - MGM's contracted stars

The different stars contracted to each studio affected the types of films that studio made.  Many times stars were "typecast" into certain roles.  This almost predetermined what kind of movies each studio could make with their different actors.  To examine stars' involvement in the studio system, we can look at MGM in particular.  MGM had many big name actors such as Judy Garland, Gene Kelly, Bing Crosby, and Fred Astaire.  Many of MGM's stars, including those previously listed, were known for their ability to sing and/or dance.  For this reason, MGM made a lot of musicals during the time of Classic Hollywood.  If Judy Garland were in a movie, she was guaranteed to sing.  If Gene Kelly were in a movie, he would surely dance.  

Judy Garland in MGM's "Meet me in St. Louis"

Gene Kelly in MGM's "Singin' in the Rain"

Those are a few examples of the musicals made by MGM during the time of Classic Hollywood.  These actors and their skills had a massive impact on the studio system and the audience's reception of movies at the time.

All in the Family Guy

When we watched All in the Family for the screening, it was the first time I had ever seen it.  As soon as I saw the intro, I knew which modern day television show I was going to compare it to.  Family Guy.  The openings bear such a striking resemblance to one another that it raises the question of whether Seth MacFarlane took inspiration from All in the Family.

All in the Family

Family Guy

The two shows have many differences. One of the most obvious differences one could ascertain within a few seconds is that Family Guy is animated while All in the Family is not.  This opens up possibilities for characters such as a talking dog, a talking baby, etc for Family Guy.  Another difference is that All in the Family takes place in the 1970's while Family Guy is supposedly taking place now.  This time difference presents the two shows with very different viewpoints and outlooks that can definitely be seen in the writing.

However, I feel that there are many more similarities than there are differences.  Both shows present a family structure of husband, wife, daughter, and son.  This allows for the two to discuss topics in a similar way.  Both shows present this family to be living in the suburbs.  This presents a very similar venue for the topics to be discussed in. Although the characters of Archie Bunker and Peter Griffin are very different in many ways, they are both also very set in their own ways.  Archie Bunker just happens to be set in a bigoted way while Peter Griffin is set in a smug dufus kind of way.  Both shows use parody as a way of getting their point across, which brings me to the types of issues each show covers.

As a means of comparison, I found an episode of Family Guy that discusses the topic of homosexuality to juxtapose with the episode of All in the Family we watched.  The episode was entitled "Family Gay". In this episode, Peter engages in a series of medical experiments to make money, the last of which injects him with "the gay gene".  For the rest of the episode, Peter is overtly gay and flamboyant.  This brings me to a difference in how the two shows use parody to get their points across.  In All in the Family, Norman Lear parodies a bigot with the character of Archie.  However, as we learned in lecture, this backfired in a way when people started identifying with the bigoted Archie Bunker. In Family Guy on the other hand, Seth MacFarlane directly parodies the stereotype itself.  He then uses other characters to comment on the subject and represent different viewpoints.  For example, Stewie represents the religious homophobe while Brian represents someone who is more liberal and open minded.  This is very similar to what Norman Lear did with the different viewpoints of the son, daughter, wife, and drinking buddies. Both shows use parody such as this to talk about all kinds of topics including race, gender, etc.  These two episodes are just a good example of how each show goes about doing so.

Seth MacFarlane's Parody

Audience Demand

Audience demand helped shape the radio industry by indirectly deciding would be played and focused on.

Audience demand is a phenomenon that always has, is, and always will be a huge factor in society and societal changes.  This is especially true when it comes to entertainment because entertainment's whole purpose is to appeal to an audience.  Even today, we see what gets on the radio or television as a direct response to what the masses demand.  What the masses demand is what makes money.  In the early shaping of radio, audience demand played a very similar role as it does in radio and television today.  However, because the technology was so fledgling at the time, it had a major impact on the shaping of the whole industry.

From the time the Titanic used a Marconi radio to call in a distress signal, people have been fascinated by the radio and attention was swiftly drawn to the technology.  This also drew the attention of the U.S. government and many cooperate executives who saw the potential in radio as an important means of communication and a good way to make a buck.  It was in this way that radio's general audience was able to "choose" what was on the radio.  Those putting on shows and deciding how the radio would be used wanted to pander to an the audience and play what they wanted to hear in order to make money.  This can be seen when looking at how advertisers put their ads on the entertainment stations because that had more listeners than either news or education as seen in the text.

Cultivation Theory

Cultivation theory is a concept in which people's views of the world are dependent upon the way the media  portrays it.

The media portrays a world.  Many times those creating this mediated world try to pass it off as reality, but in truth, it is more a caricature of reality. The difference lies in the fact that media needs to be enticing and exciting in order to get the good ratings, thus highlighting certain aspects of society.  One such aspect often times exploited by the media for more viewers is violence.  As said in the book, people who watch a lot of television are more likely to think they are in danger of a violent crime than those who don't. Cultivation theory says that frequent viewing or intake of media will cause a person to adopt the mediated view of reality.

As an avid viewer of television, many times thriller shows or cop drama, I can honestly say that I am a product of cultivation theory.  As someone who often times finds herself walking home from a club meeting after dark, I can honestly say that I think I will be attacked and then found by Benson and Stabler. My doors are always locked, I'm in the market for mace, and I'm always watching the route the cabby takes in case he decides to hijack the car and I need to barrel roll out of there.  The question is whether this paranoia stems from reality or the fact that my mother watches nothing but Law and Order, Criminal Minds, and Cold Case Files.  Those that believe Cultivation Theory would attribute it to the latter.  The following example may have me agree with them.

Ever since I saw this scene, I have assumed that this happens at all rest stops.

Rest Stop Scene from Criminal Minds

...obviously this is the end of rest stops for me.

Framing

Framing is a technique used by the media to tell us how we should think about a certain topic through the use of specific tones, words, and facts.  

Framing is all about the interpretation of given information.  For any given topic or story, there are many different perspectives one can take to look at it.  Framing is the media's way of using certain facts and the way they state certain facts to steer a person's interpretation of said facts.  Since the media decides what to put in a story and what to leave out, the viewer or reader will see the story from that point of view.  The media can also sway a person's view through the use of persuasive language or imagery concerning the topic.   

In order to show how influential framing can be, one can look to what is often times thought to be completely factual, the news.  This morning, two different articles were posted on the websites of two different news vendors, CNN and Fox News, about what one would think is the same story: tax cuts. Both articles cite the same plan in the works for tax cuts and many of the same people are quoted.  However, upon further speculation, one would see that the story is told from two very different angles.  CNN gives the story a more liberal spin by stating how the plan for tax cuts is "gaining traction"while Fox News takes the conservative approach by focusing on the fact that these tax cuts would leave out those earning $250,000 a year and more.  Same story, different facts highlighted, different interpretations taken away by the readers. 

A few specific examples from the articles:


The titles of the two articles alone immediately tell the reader how they're supposed to feel about the tax cuts.
CNN: Obama's plan to extend some tax cuts may be gaining traction
Fox News: Obama Economic Adviser: U.S. Can't Afford Tax Cuts for High-End Earners


From CNN news: "If the only option I have is to vote for those at $250,000 and below, of course I'm going to do that," Boehner said. "But I'm going to do everything I can to fight to make sure that we extend the current tax rates for all Americans."


and his quote left off there. However, look at how the same quote was used in Fox News.


From Fox News: "If the only option I have is to vote for those at 250 and below, of course I'm going to do that. But I'm going to do everything I can to fight to make sure that we extend the current tax rates for all Americans," Boehner told CBS' "Face the Nation." But Boehner called that bad policy, and that the people who would be denied a tax cut make up about half of small business income.

A few of my favorite scenes from some of my favorite movies (continuation of Why RTF?)

Pretty in Pink -http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNGIg8f-0Wc

The Godfather- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xn8yjFjuLJ4

When Harry Met Sally...- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6CtAauWe1U

Moonstruck-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhifn6Q6DQo

Almost Famous-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Qn3tel9FWU

Titanic-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MDPeL8lpzo

Why RTF?

I'm not taking RTF 305 to become the next Spielberg.  To be honest, I'm still not entirely sure what I want to do when I get older.  Upon turning 17 and entering my junior year of high school, it seemed that the question on everyone's mind was "what are you going to do for the rest of your life".  Parents, teachers, friends, and college applications wanted my answer.  I was faced with the daunting task of creating some kind of algorithm that would take my interests plus my strengths minus unstable careers while factoring in which schools were good for what in the hopes that I would end up with a mathematically proven answer for my future.  My interests.  Well that's easy.  My passion in life is classic rock as easily ascertained from the music constantly blaring from my speakers, the faces and bands that grace the t-shirts that constitute my wardrobe, and the expansive poster collection smattered on the walls and ceiling of my bedroom.  Some of my first and favorite memories include things such as head-banging to Bohemian Rhapsody or singing to Hey Jude in the car with my family.  But I can't major in classic rock.  More interests.  Movies.  Even from the early days of Disney movies and imitating Macaulay Culken in Home Alone, I've always loved how movies can draw you into a story, a character, a scene, and even give you a brand new perspective.  Same goes for television, where millions upon millions of devoted viewers can tune in to their favorite shows.  It was at this point in my train of thought where the idea of going to film school was not looking too shabby.  When I found out there was a program that specialized in Radio, Television, and Film here at Texas, it sound perfect.  It enough for me to leave Alpharetta, Georgia, the plushy thought of already knowing tons of people at The University of Georgia, and in-state tuition for the opportunity to see what this program has to offer.  So this brings me to what I'm hoping to learn here.  I just want to learn about the different aspects of media and find something that I could see myself doing and loving as a career.